Piet Mondrian, Composition II in Red, Blue, and Yellow, 1930 and the Golden Rectangle

Successive Golden Rectangles dividing a Golden Rectangle into squares (Composition II in Red, Blue, and Yellow by Piet Mondrian)

Piet Mondrian (March 7, 1872 - February 1, 1944) was a Dutch painter, pioneer of Geometric abstraction. He was an important contributor to the De Stijl art movement and group, which was founded by Theo van Doesburg. He evolved a non-representational form which he termed Neo-Plasticism. This consisted of a grid of vertical and horizontal black lines and the use of the three primary colors.

Composition II in Red, Blue, and Yellow. In the further attempt to simplify and perfect his images, he did not use any curved lines or organic shapes, he used only straight lines and geometric shapes. He also only used black, white, gray, and the three primary colors - bright red, blue, and yellow. The use of his simple geometric shapes and basic colors formed a new style or art movement called De Stijl.

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A golden rectangle is a rectangle whose side lengths are in the golden ratio, one-to-phi, that is, approximately 1:1.618. A distinctive feature of this shape is that when a square section is removed, the remainder is another golden rectangle, that is, with the same proportions as the first. Square removal can be repeated infinitely, which leads to an approximation of the golden or Fibonacci spiral.
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