Andean Music: Charango by Los Calchakis, Japan Tour

Video Description: Charango by Los Calchakis, Japan Tour 2005

Los Calchakis: Performing on 19 instruments, Los Calchakis has expanded on the Spanish-Incan musical traditions of the Andes Mountains. Led by lyricist, vocalist, flute, and percussion player Hector Miranda, the Buenos Aires-based quintet has been one of Argentina's most heralded bands.

• The antara is a panpipe of only one tier of pipes of cane of different lengths, which expresses each one a height.

• The charango is a small South American stringed instrument of the lute family, about 66 cm long, traditionally made with the shell of the back of an armadillo. It typically has 10 strings in five courses of 2 strings each, although other variations exist.

• The siku (Quechua) or zampoña (Spanish), is a traditional Andean panpipe.

• The quena is the traditional flute of the Andes. Usually made of bamboo, it has 6 finger holes and one thumb hole and is open on both ends.

• The kenacho is a flute, also without mouthpiece, similar to the quena but bigger.

• The pezuna is an instrument made of goat hoofs tied together.

• The aykhori is a big recorder made of reed. The smallest pipe is used to send the breath into the mouthpiece.

• The tarka is a wooden flute, appeared after the conquest.

• The pinkillo is a post-colombean recorder made of reed.

• The rondador is a set of chorded bamboo panpipes that produces two tones simultaneously.

• The bombo is a kind of bass drum used in traditional music in Spain, Portugal and South America.

• The cajón is a kind of box drum played by slapping the front face (generally thin plywood) with the hands. The cajón is the most widely used Afro-Peruvian musical instrument in the 20th century.